rizer.hybrid.low_voltage_model

Classes

LowVoltageModel

Functions

load_low_voltage_model_from_dict(→ LowVoltageModel)

Load a LowVoltageModel from a dictionary of parameters.

Module Contents

class rizer.hybrid.low_voltage_model.LowVoltageModel(lv_discharge_model: rizer.hybrid.low_voltage.constant_mass_discharge_in_lte.ConstantMassDischargeInLTE, electrical_circuit_model: rizer.hybrid.low_voltage.RLR_circuit.RLR_Circuit)

lv_discharge_model

Low-voltage discharge model in LTE to solve the thermal ODEs.

electrical_circuit_model

Electrical circuit model to solve simultaneously with the plasma channel ODEs.

times: numpy.ndarray | None = None

Time points at which the solution was evaluated [s].

temperatures: numpy.ndarray | None = None

Temperature of the plasma channel at each time point [K].

currents: numpy.ndarray | None = None

Current through the plasma channel at each time point [A].

R_p: numpy.ndarray

Plasma resistance at each time point [Ohm].

r_p: numpy.ndarray

Plasma radius at each time point [m].

d_p: numpy.ndarray

Plasma diameter at each time point [m].

P_Joule: numpy.ndarray

Joule power dissipated in the plasma at each time point [W].

P_cc_gas: numpy.ndarray

Power transferred from the plasma to the gas at each time point [W].

P_cc_electrode: numpy.ndarray

Power transferred from the plasma to the electrodes at each time point [W].

P_radiation: numpy.ndarray

Power radiated by the plasma at each time point [W].

U_p: numpy.ndarray

Voltage drop across the plasma at each time point [V].

U_R_wire: numpy.ndarray

Voltage drop across the wire resistance at each time point [V].

U_L_wire: numpy.ndarray

Voltage drop across the wire inductance at each time point [V].

U_mes: numpy.ndarray

Measured voltage at each time point [V].

power_R_p: numpy.ndarray

Power dissipated in the plasma resistance at each time point [W].

power_R_wire: numpy.ndarray

Power dissipated in the wire resistance at each time point [W].

power_L_wire: numpy.ndarray

Power dissipated in the wire inductance at each time point [W].

energy_R_p: numpy.ndarray

Energy dissipated in the plasma resistance at each time point [J].

energy_R_wire: numpy.ndarray

Energy dissipated in the wire resistance at each time point [J].

energy_L_wire: numpy.ndarray

Energy dissipated in the wire inductance at each time point [J].

R_wire: numpy.ndarray

Wire resistance at each time point [Ohm].

solve(times: numpy.ndarray, **solver_options) → None

Solve the system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) governing the plasma channel.

Parameters:

• times (numpy.ndarray) – The time points at which to evaluate the solution [s].

• **solver_options –

  Additional options to pass to the ODE solver. By default, the following options are used:

  • method: ‘BDF’ (suitable for stiff problems)

  • rtol: 1e-12

  • atol: 1e-12

  • first_step: 1e-12

  • max_step: 1e-8

Returns:

The results are stored in the instance attributes times, temperatures, and currents.

Return type:

None

Raises:

RuntimeError – If the ODE solver fails to converge.

Notes

The system of ODEs solved is as follows:

• Thermal ODE.

• Electrical ODE.

The temperature is obtained from the enthalpy using the LTE data.

The ODEs are solved simultaneously using scipy.integrate.solve_ivp.

plot(x: str, y: str, yscale: str = 'linear', ylim: tuple[float, float] | None = None, show: bool = True, x_unit='s', annotate: bool = False, annotate_max: bool = True, figax: tuple[matplotlib.figure.Figure, matplotlib.axes.Axes] | None = None) → tuple[matplotlib.figure.Figure, matplotlib.axes.Axes]

Plot the results of the simulation.

Parameters:

• x (str) –

  The variable to plot on the x-axis. Options are:

  • ”time” or “t”: Time in seconds (or microseconds if x_unit is set to “µs”).

  • ”temperature” or “T”: Discharge temperature in Kelvin.

  • ”current” or “I”: Circuit current in Amperes.

• y (str) –

  The variable to plot on the y-axis. Options are:

  • ”temperature” or “T”: Discharge temperature [K].

  • ”current” or “I”: Circuit current [A].

  • ”R_p”: Plasma resistance [Ω].

  • ”r_p”: Discharge radius [mm].

  • ”d_p”: Discharge diameter [mm].

  • ”P_Joule”: Joule power dissipated in the plasma [kW].

  • ”P_cc_gas”: Power transferred from the plasma to the gas [kW].

  • ”P_cc_electrode”: Power transferred from the plasma to the electrodes [kW].

  • ”P_radiation”: Power radiated by the plasma [kW].

  • ”U_p”: Plasma voltage [V].

  • ”U_R_wire”: Voltage drop across the wire resistance [V].

  • ”U_L_wire”: Voltage drop across the wire inductance [V].

  • ”U_mes”: Measured voltage [V].

  • ”P_R_p”: Power dissipated in the plasma resistance [kW].

  • ”P_R_wire”: Power dissipated in the wire resistance [kW].

  • ”P_L_wire”: Power dissipated in the wire inductance [kW].

  • ”E_R_p”: Energy dissipated in the plasma resistance [mJ].

  • ”E_R_wire”: Energy dissipated in the wire resistance [mJ].

  • ”E_L_wire”: Energy dissipated in the wire inductance [mJ].

  • ”R_wire”: Wire resistance [Ω].

• yscale (str, optional) – The scale of the y-axis. Options are “linear” or “log” (default is “linear”).

• ylim (tuple of float, optional) – The limits for the y-axis as a tuple (ymin, ymax). If None, the limits are determined automatically (default is None).

• show (bool, optional) – Whether to display the plot immediately (default is True).

• x_unit (str, optional) – The unit for the x-axis if x is “time” or “t”. Options are “s” for seconds or “µs” for microseconds (default is “s”).

• annotate (bool, optional) – Whether to annotate the plot with the maximum value of y (default is False).

• annotate_max (bool, optional) – Whether to annotate the plot with the maximum value of y (default is True). If False, annotate the minimum value instead. annotate must be True for this to have an effect.

• figax (tuple of matplotlib.figure.Figure, matplotlib.axes.Axes, optional) – A tuple containing the Figure and Axes objects to plot on.

Returns:

The figure and axes objects of the plot.

Return type:

tuple of matplotlib.figure.Figure, matplotlib.axes.Axes

Raises:

ValueError – If no data is available for plotting (i.e., solve has not been called). If an invalid variable is specified for the x or y axis.

rizer.hybrid.low_voltage_model.load_low_voltage_model_from_dict(input_dict: dict) → LowVoltageModel

Load a LowVoltageModel from a dictionary of parameters.

This is a helper function to load the model from a YAML file, where the parameters are stored in a nested dictionary.

Parameters:

input_dict (dict) – Dictionary containing the parameters for the LowVoltageModel. Should have the same structure as the low_voltage_model section of the input YAML file.

Returns:

An instance of the LowVoltageModel initialized with the parameters from the input dictionary.

Return type:

LowVoltageModel